gardiner



November 1, 1913.

DRAWING A careful search has been made this day for the original drawingor a. photolithographic copy of the same,

for the purpose of reproducing the said drawing to form a part of thisbook, but at this time nothing can be found from which a reproductioncan be made.

Finis D. Morris,

Chief of Division E.

UNITED I STATES PATENT OFFICE.

P. G. GARDINER, OF NEl/V YORK, N. Y.

MANNER OF ARRANGING THE PADDLES 0F PADDLE-WHEELS FOR PROPELLING VESSELS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 2,076, dated May 4;, 1841.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, P. G. GARDINER, of thecity of New York, in the State of New York, have invented an improvementin the manner ofconstructing the paddle-wheel for propelling vessels bysteam or other power, which improved wheel I denominate the circularconvolution paddle-wheel; and I do hereby declare that the following isa full and exact description thereof.

On each of my paddle wheels I use a double row, or series, or a. greaternumber, of buckets, which bucket-s are placed so as to form an anglewith the axis of the wheel; and I deem it best to place them so as tostand at an angle of forty five degrees, or nearly so, with said axis,or shaft but a variation of four or five degrees from the angle may bemade without materially interfering with the action of the wheel. Inconstructing my wheel with a double row, or series of buckets, theremust be three sets, or series, of arms the middle being twice asnumerous as the two outer series, the buckets of each outer seriesmeeting in the middle.

In the accompanying drawing Figure l, is a perspective view of a part ofmy paddle wheel, and Fig. 2, an edge view of some of the buckets,showing the manner in which they stand in their relationship to eachother.

A is the shaft; or, a, a, the outer series of arms; I), b, b, themiddle, and c, 0, 0, the inner series.

B, B, B, are the buckets which overlap each other at their inner ends,to a distance equal to the thickness of the arms to which they areattached, and allow a space between each other equal to the distanceapart of the middle series of arms. As these arms are all placed in thedirection of radii from the center of the wheel, each of the bucketswill be convoluted, or twisted, in consequence of its opposite endsbeing attached to the radiating arms so as to cause each bucket to forman angle of 45 degrees, more or less, with the axis and thisconvolution, or twist, constitutes an essential character of my wheel.

In the direction of the buckets on the wheels, on each side of thevessel to be propelled, is to be such as to throw the water outward,from the vessel, by the angle of the buckets. When my wheel is used forcanal boats, and probably also for other purposes, it may be deemed bestto employ but one and that placed in the middle of a twinor othersuitably formed boat, and in this case I still construct my wheel withthe double series of buckets, but I place the two series at reverseangles, while in all other respects I retain all the characteristicfeatures of my wheel, as above described.

Having thus fully described the nature of my invention, and shown howthe same is to be carried into operation, I do hereby declare that Ido'not claim the mere placing of the buckets in such manner as to formanangle with the axis, or shaft of the wheel, this having been done, butwith other views, and under arrangements differing from those adopted byme; but

I/Vhat I do claim as constituting my invention, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is-

The placing of a double series of buckets so as to form an angle offorty five degrees more or less, with the axis of the wheel, saidbuckets having each of their inner ends attached to a distinct arm thusallowing a free or open space between each bucket, in each series ofbuckets, as set forth; said buckets being convoluted in consequence oftheir being attached to radiating arms in the manner herein fully madeknown.

P. G. GARDINER.

Witnesses:

I. LABAGH, J AMES B. KnLLoee.

